Common numerical indexes of textile
1 . Metric number (Nm) (fixed weight system)
Metric count refers to the length of a 1-gram sample of fiber or yarn when it is under a specific level of moisture regain. The unit of measurement for metric count is meters, and the higher the value, the thinner the yarn.
Metric count is commonly used in the textile industry, particularly in wool spinning and the production of fancy yarns. It is an important parameter for measuring the fineness of a yarn, and it can be used to determine the quality and performance of the yarn.
In general, a higher metric count indicates a finer yarn, which can provide better insulation, softness, and durability. However, it’s important to note that metric count is just one of many factors that can affect the quality and performance of a yarn. Other factors, such as fiber type, crimp, and twist, can also play a significant role in determining the overall quality of the yarn.
2 . Number of imperial units (Ne/S) (fixed weight system)
The imperial count is a measure of the fineness of a yarn, and it is defined as the number of 840-yard lengths of yarn that weigh 1 pound at a given moisture regain. The imperial count is a fixed weight system, which means that the larger the count, the thinner the yarn.
For example, a yarn with an imperial count of 40 would be 40 times finer than a yarn with an imperial count of 1. This means that the yarn with an imperial count of 40 would have a diameter of 40/840 = 0.047 inches, while the yarn with an imperial count of 1 would have a diameter of 1/840 = 0.0012 inches.
The imperial count is commonly used in the textile industry to specify the fineness of yarns made from natural fibers, such as wool, cotton, and silk. It is also used to describe the fineness of synthetic fibers, such as nylon and polyester.
It’s important to note that the imperial count is not the same as the metric count, which is a measure of the length of a 1-gram sample of fiber or yarn under a specific level of moisture regain. The metric count is used to describe the fineness of fibers and yarns in metric units, while the imperial count is used to describe the fineness of fibers and yarns in imperial units.
3 . Denier (D) (fixed length system)
The size of a fiber or yarn refers to its weight in grams per 9000 meters of length. The unit of measurement for size is denier (D), and it is commonly used in the textile industry to describe the fineness of chemical fibers and silk.
The higher the denier value, the thicker the fiber or yarn is. For example, a fiber or yarn with a denier of 100 would be much thicker than one with a denier of 10.
It’s important to note that the denier value is not the same as the metric count, which is a measure of the length of a 1-gram sample of fiber or yarn under a specific level of moisture regain. The metric count is used to describe the fineness of fibers and yarns in metric units, while the denier is used to describe the fineness of fibers and yarns in imperial units.
In summary, the size of a fiber or yarn refers to its weight in grams per 9000 meters of length, and it is commonly used in the textile industry to describe the fineness of chemical fibers and silk. The higher the denier value, the thicker the fiber or yarn is.
4 . Tex (fixed length system)
Tex refers to the weight in grams of a 1000 meter long fiber or yarn at a given moisture regain. The higher the tex value, the thicker the fiber or yarn.
Tex is a measure of the fineness of a fiber or yarn, and it is commonly used in the textile industry to describe the thickness of yarns made from natural fibers, such as wool, cotton, and silk, as well as synthetic fibers, such as nylon and polyester.
The tex value is calculated by weighing a 1000 meter long sample of the fiber or yarn and then dividing the weight by 1000 to get the weight in grams per meter. The higher the tex value, the thicker the fiber or yarn, and the lower the tex value, the thinner the fiber or yarn.
For example, a yarn with a tex value of 100 would be much thicker than a yarn with a tex value of 50. A tex value of 100 would correspond to a yarn with a diameter of approximately 100 micrometers, while a tex value of 50 would correspond to a yarn with a diameter of approximately 50 micrometers.
It’s important to note that the tex value is not the same as the denier value, which is a measure of the weight in grams of a 9000 meter long fiber or yarn at a given moisture regain. The denier value is commonly used in the textile industry to describe the fineness of fibers and yarns, and it is related to the tex value, but it is not the same thing.
Textile unit conversion
Conversion between tex and metric number (N):
tex × N=1000
Conversion of tex and daniel (D):
D=9tex
Conversion between tex and inch count (S cotton yarn):
tex × S=K
(K value: pure cotton yarn K=583.1, purified fiber K=590.5, polyester cotton yarn K=587.6, cotton viscose yarn (75:25) K=584.8, Victoria cotton yarn (50:50) K=587.0)
Conversion between daniel (D) and imperial number (S):
D × S=5315
Conversion between daniel (D) and metric support (N):
D × N=9000
